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  Definition, Nature, Scope, and Importance of Criminology →  Criminology – Definition, Nature, Scope and Importance 1. Introduction Crime is a universal problem. Every society, whether ancient or modern, faces crime in some form. Punishing offenders is not enough; society must also study why people commit crimes, how criminals behave, how victims are affected, and how laws can prevent crimes . 👉 This scientific study of crime and criminal behavior is called Criminology . 2. Definition of Criminology Etymology: Crimen (Latin) = crime, offence; Logos (Greek) = study or science. → Criminology literally means “science of crime.” Scholarly Definitions: Edwin Sutherland (1934): “Criminology is the body of knowledge regarding crime as a social phenomenon. It includes the process of making laws, breaking laws, and the reaction to breaking laws.” ✦ This definition shows criminology is not only about criminals but also about law-making and social reaction . ...