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THE CONCEPT OF CRIME AND CHARACTERISTICS OF CRIMINAL LAW 🟦 1. Introduction Crime is one of the most fundamental concepts in criminology and criminal law. Every society defines certain human behaviours as unacceptable and punishable under its legal system. Crime, therefore, is not just an act—it is a legal wrong against society as a whole. 📘 In simple words: “Crime is an act forbidden by law and punishable by the State.” The study of crime helps us understand why laws exist, how they protect society , and how criminals are punished or reformed. 🟦 2. Meaning and Definition of Crime (a) General Meaning: Crime means any act or omission that violates the law and is punishable by the State. (b) Legal Definition: According to Black’s Law Dictionary , “Crime is an act committed or omitted in violation of a public law forbidding or commanding it, and for which punishment is imposed upon conviction.” (c) Indian Legal Definition: The Indian Penal Code (IPC), 1860 , do...