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Sigmund freud  Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory of Crime Introduction Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, explained criminal behaviour through the internal conflict in the human mind. According to him, every person’s personality is made up of three elements — Id , Ego , and Superego . Crime occurs when there is an imbalance or conflict between these three parts of the personality. 1. Structure of Human Mind (a) Id – Instincts and Desires The Id is the primitive and unconscious part of the mind. It works on the “pleasure principle” , which seeks immediate satisfaction of desires and instincts such as aggression, hunger, and sexual urges. It does not care about morality or laws. For example: If a person’s Id is strong, they may steal or harm others just to fulfill their desires. (b) Ego – Reality The Ego develops from the Id but works on the “reality principle.” It tries to balance the Id’s desires with the real-world rules and expectations. The Ego is logi...