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Methods of Criminological Studies Criminology is the scientific study of crime, criminals, and criminal behavior . To understand crime properly, criminologists use different methods of study . These methods help in collecting data, finding causes of crime, and suggesting reforms. 1. Statistical Method Uses data, numbers, and statistics to study crime trends. Helps in knowing crime rates, types of crimes, age group of offenders, etc. Governments publish NCRB (National Crime Records Bureau) reports every year. Example: NCRB 2022 data showed cybercrime cases in India increased by 24% compared to the previous year. Case Law: Bachan Singh v. State of Punjab (1980) – SC used crime statistics to discuss whether the death penalty should be rarest of rare, showing the use of data in judicial reasoning. 2. Historical Method Studies the history of crime and punishment over different periods. Helps in understanding how crimes and criminal laws have evolved. Example: In a...