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20 Years of TRIPS Compliance in India: Achievements and Future Challenges 1. Introduction – What is TRIPS? TRIPS means Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights .Property Rights. It is an agreement under the World Trade Organization (WTO). It started in 1995 . It tells countries to protect intellectual property (IP) like: Patents Trademarks Copyright Designs Geographical Indications India became fully TRIPS-compliant in 2005 . 2. India Before TRIPS Before 1995: India allowed only process patents in medicines. This helped Indian companies make cheap generic medicines. Medicines were affordable for common people. After TRIPS: India had to allow product patents . Patent protection period became 20 years . 3. Major Changes in Indian Law To follow TRIPS rules, India changed many laws: (1) Patent Law Changes Patents (Amendment) Act 2005 Product patents allowed for medicines. Patent period fixed at 20 years. (2) Trademark Law     ...