POENOLOGY (PENOLOGY): CONCEPT, EVOLUTION, NATURE, SCOPE, IMPORTANCE AND ITS RELATION WITH CRIMINOLOGY (LLB Examination – 1. INTRODUCTION TO POENOLOGY Crime and punishment are inseparable parts of every society. Wherever there is law, there is punishment for its violation. From primitive societies to modern welfare states, punishment has remained a central instrument for maintaining social order. However, the nature, purpose and philosophy of punishment have undergone a significant transformation over time. Poenology , also known as Penology , is the scientific study of punishment. It examines why punishment is imposed, what form it should take, how it should be administered, and what effects it produces on offenders and society . The discipline does not merely justify punishment but critically analyses its effectiveness and humanity. Earlier punishment was guided by revenge, cruelty and fear , but modern poenology emphasises reformation, rehabilitation and reintegration...
All current legal laws , Amendment and change in regulations.And much more current judgement and advisory for citizens.