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**Q.4 “Traditional notions of personal jurisdiction have no place in cyberspace.” In light of this statement, comment on the jurisdictional and enforcement issues in cyberspace.** ⭐ Detailed Analysis (LLB-Exam Perspective, Easy Language) 1. Introduction Traditional personal jurisdiction is based on territory – i.e., a court has power only when the person, property, or act is within its geographical boundaries. But cyberspace is borderless , global, and decentralized. A single online act can affect multiple countries at the same time . 👉 Therefore, traditional jurisdiction principles become difficult to apply in cyberspace. 2. Why Traditional Personal Jurisdiction Fails in Cyberspace (a) Borderless Nature of Internet Internet does not follow physical boundaries. Example: A person sitting in Delhi may hack a server in the USA and cause loss in Europe. (b) Location of Offender is Uncertain Cybercriminals use: VPN Proxy servers Fake IP addresses Encrypted platforms ...